Famous places in the world

Burj Khalifa hồ hải phong

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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Hồ Hải Phong Soaring 828 meters above the
metropolis of Dubai, the Burj Khalifa is the world’s tallest building. The
design for the 162-story tower combines local cultural influences with
cutting-edge technology to achieve high performance in an extreme desert
climate. </b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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 <span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">The centerpiece of a large
mixed-use development, the Burj Khalifa contains offices, retail space,
residential units, and a Giorgio Armani hotel. A Y-shaped floor plan maximizes
views of the Arabian Gulf. At ground level, the skyscraper is surrounded by
green space, water features, and pedestrian-friendly boulevards</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCG_qi4XENb-dwv034X_V3l378pQO6beFfYsQ_MhPKWvnzMbTWwtQD0mVkX2oaA-zUEWYnpM2UdLwLEcrqGw2BqXPZ29u49XdL9uncqESK3Tbi3vqS5ahlnJ91RJt2yfksil5HOoJWl8o/s1600/Burj-Khalifa-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCG_qi4XENb-dwv034X_V3l378pQO6beFfYsQ_MhPKWvnzMbTWwtQD0mVkX2oaA-zUEWYnpM2UdLwLEcrqGw2BqXPZ29u49XdL9uncqESK3Tbi3vqS5ahlnJ91RJt2yfksil5HOoJWl8o/s400/Burj-Khalifa-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">The tower’s overall design
was inspired by the geometries of a regional desert flower and the patterning
systems embodied in Islamic architecture. Built of reinforced concrete and clad
in glass, the tower is composed of sculpted volumes arranged around a central
buttressed core. As the tower rises from a flat base, setbacks occur in an
upward spiraling pattern, reducing the building’s mass as it reaches skyward.
At the pinnacle, the central core emerges and forms a spire. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6-EZjd7j10EmktRs4iw6nbRqQ0MbL8JmswmnWwetLfW07X_aOMUcYVOEawVcSLJRniJgt-psfKbxlG703Cs9F0orlVuYUmTX2lvojWmLWsoKkVSZBln9PwCKObHH821U3g1aF3Uolx9E/s1600/Burj-Khalifa-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6-EZjd7j10EmktRs4iw6nbRqQ0MbL8JmswmnWwetLfW07X_aOMUcYVOEawVcSLJRniJgt-psfKbxlG703Cs9F0orlVuYUmTX2lvojWmLWsoKkVSZBln9PwCKObHH821U3g1aF3Uolx9E/s400/Burj-Khalifa-03.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Beyond its record-breaking
height, the Burj Khalifa incorporates new structural and construction
efficiencies to reduce material usage and waste. These include a “sky-sourced”
ventilation system, in which cool, less humid air is drawn in through the top
of the building. The tower also has one of the largest condensate recovery
systems in the world</span><span style="background: white; color: #5b5b5b; font-family: "simhei"; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="background: white; color: #5b5b5b; font-family: "simhei"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip2wUWjWZEAm3TlGuf0KgJKohl4UQ1H95QOZW5vjChgPgzQ236l1-FP6p8bsTTtAnS4bztEc7SP_wTSlzlICKvd2ZVn2kzXjC_G1r2CoF8DO1l6M7OSOfX7d6pzoPRIw-yh_6l3JXLGB8/s1600/Burj-Khalifa-05.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: white; font-family: SimHei; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip2wUWjWZEAm3TlGuf0KgJKohl4UQ1H95QOZW5vjChgPgzQ236l1-FP6p8bsTTtAnS4bztEc7SP_wTSlzlICKvd2ZVn2kzXjC_G1r2CoF8DO1l6M7OSOfX7d6pzoPRIw-yh_6l3JXLGB8/s400/Burj-Khalifa-05.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span class="image-caption"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">som.com<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>

Asia Burj Khalifa hồ hải phong

Hồ Hải Phong Soaring 828 meters above the metropolis of Dubai, the Burj Khalifa is the world’s tallest building. The design for the 162-story tower combines local cultural influences with cutting-edge technology to achieve high performance in an ext…

Niagara Falls

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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Known in the past as the premiere Honeymoon destination,
this geological wonder is not only one of most popular tourist attractions in
the state of New York, but also functions as one of the major power providers
to the state itself. Comprised of three waterfalls — American Falls, Horseshoe
Falls and Bridal Veil Falls — Niagara Falls water stems from the upper Great
Lakes and the river is estimated to be 12,000 years old. The wonder of the
falls has intrigued many and has prompted daredevils to “conquer” the falls in
various contraptions from wooden barrels to rubber balls.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Niagara Falls consists of two waterfalls on the Niagara
River, which marks the border between New York and
Ontario, Canada: the American Falls, located on the American side of the
border, and the Canadian or Horseshoe Falls located on the Canadian side. To
the right of the American Falls is a smaller waterfall that has been separated
from the American Falls by natural forces, which is usually called Bridal Veil
Falls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Did You Know?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><i>"On October 24, 1901, a 63-year-old schoolteacher named
Annie Edson Taylor became the first person to take the plunge over Niagara
Falls in a barrel"</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho8UNFMCG9TMTfLzQORW6wsOUyzVKidIsReTh_WLGGZzwZrrhpYGpLtjLV873U-3jFXoME9cCk_3aTtVS9PrbwCGg8V3diD35MFLBbXsQDx6lJexoEaP6OcKeUUl3bcLBvVbUcsTqfw7A/s1600/new-york-niagara-falls-state-park-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho8UNFMCG9TMTfLzQORW6wsOUyzVKidIsReTh_WLGGZzwZrrhpYGpLtjLV873U-3jFXoME9cCk_3aTtVS9PrbwCGg8V3diD35MFLBbXsQDx6lJexoEaP6OcKeUUl3bcLBvVbUcsTqfw7A/s400/new-york-niagara-falls-state-park-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt;">It is estimated that 12,000 years ago when the falls were
formed, the edge of the falls was as much as seven miles further down river
than it is today. Until the 1950s, when the flow of water began to be
controlled, the brink of the falls moved backward an estimated three feet every
year because of erosion.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The water that runs over the falls comes from the Great
Lakes. Ninety percent of the water goes over the Horseshoe Falls. Originally,
as much as 5.5. billion gallons of water per hour flowed over the falls. Today
the amount is controlled by the Canadian and American governments to slow
erosion. In addition, some of the water is diverted to provide power for the
United States and Canada, making Niagara Falls the largest source of electric
power in the world.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10pt;">The Horseshoe Falls are 170 feet high. The brink of the
falls is approximately 2,500 feet from one side to the other. The American
Falls are 180 feet high and 1,100 feet long.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The river below Niagara Falls averages 170 feet deep.
Daredevils who go over the falls usually hit the bottom of the river before
popping back to the surface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Niagara Falls has been one of the most popular destinations
for honeymooners in the world since promoters for the area helped institute
“honeymooning” as a tradition in the mid-nineteenth century. The 1953 film
Niagara starred Marilyn Monroe as a honeymooner with a wandering eye. The film
marked Monroe’s explosion as a film phenom—perhaps because the film features a
full two minutes of Monroe’s soon-to-be-famous backside as she walks toward the
falls for a better view.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">THE BARREL BRIGADE</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">They are a group of daredevils firmly entrenched in North
American folklore. They are the men and women who have made headlines by an act
most people would find inconceivable: choosing to take a ride over the Canadian
Horseshoe Falls—sometimes with only inches of wood or metal as protection from
the pounding rush of thousands of gallons of water. Interestingly, these
adventurers, crazy as they may seem, have chosen not to brave the American
Falls—where less flowing water and more jutting rocks make the descent even
more dangerous. Fifteen adventurers have braved the Horseshoe Falls since 1901.
Read some of their stories below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Annie Edson Taylor</b><br />
Not only the first woman, but the first person to go over Niagara Falls in a
barrel, Taylor was a poor widow when she arrived in Niagara Falls in 1901. The
sixty-three year old (although she said she was forty-two) saw the stunt as a
way to make money. After hiring a manager, she braved the falls on October 24,
1901, in a barrel she designed herself. She survived, but “the heroine of
Horseshoe Falls” didn’t end up with the financial windfall she expected. She
worked as a Niagara street vendor for twenty years and died penniless.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Jean Lussier</b><br />
The third person to go over the falls, Lussier took the plunge on July 4, 1928,
not in a barrel, but inside a six-foot rubber ball that was lined with
oxygen-filled rubber tubes. He survived and afterwards made extra money by
selling pieces of the ball’s rubber tubes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">George Stathakis</b></div>
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This adventurer made the plunge in a ten-foot, one-ton wooden barrel on July 4,
1930. Sadly, however, Stathakis’s barrel was caught behind the falls for
fourteen hours. Having only enough air to survive for three hours, Stathakis
died before he was rescued, but his 105-year-old pet turtle, Sonny Boy, did
survive the trip.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Red Hill Jr.</b><br />
The oldest son of a prominent Niagara Falls area family, Red, Jr., went over
the falls on August 5, 1951. His father, Red Hill, Sr., had earned a permanent
place in the history of the falls as its consummate “riverman.” In addition to
pulling 177 bodies from the river, Hill thrice braved the intimidating
Whirlpool Rapids below the falls in his own barrel. Red, Jr., decided to take
the family tradition one step further by braving the Horseshoe Falls on what he
called “the thing,” a flimsily constructed raft made of thirteen inner tubes
tied together with rope and enclosed in a fish net. Soon after his plunge, the
raft’s inner tubes began popping to the surface of the river, but there was no
sign of Hill. His bruised body was not recovered until the next day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Jessie Sharp</b><br />
Sharp, who hoped to advance his career as a stuntman by going over the falls,
chose to attempt the feat on June 5, 1990, in a white water kayak without a
helmet or a life vest. His body was never recovered. Five years later, Robert
Overacker attempted to go over the falls on a jet ski. The fifteenth person
since 1901 to purposely try to make it over the falls, Overacker died. His body
was recovered by the Maid of the Mist, the ferryboat that takes visitors to the
foot of the falls for a closer lo<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Steven Trotter and Lori Martin</b><br />
On June 18, 1995, Trotter and Martin became the first man and woman to go over
the falls together in one barrel. In 1985, Trotter had made the trip by
himself, in a contraption made of two pickle barrels enclosed in large inner
tubes. In 1989, Canadians Peter Debernardi and Geoffrey Petkovich had become
the first team to go over the falls together, enclosed face to face in a single
barrel. They survived with minor injuries, as did Trotter and Martin.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<i>history.com</i></div>

Americas Niagara Falls

Known in the past as the premiere Honeymoon destination, this geological wonder is not only one of most popular tourist attractions in the state of New York, but also functions as one of the major power providers to the state itself. Comprised of th…

The Grand Canyon

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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Located in northern Arizona, the Grand Canyon is known
throughout the world for its size and colorful landscape. Measuring over 270
miles long, up to 18 miles wide and a mile deep, the canyon’s walls contain
rock layers that reveal a timeline of Earth’s history. </b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrw78w0jjfJ89oK5nse01qFIoAGdXMc7Mcsp9qCmxwaL6bjJQQu2SJ10dM97fdQlGcqsRFiiVnVjBgPojnLOY7vvQnRQPHxleeQ-sShBFRcR4jj-SnuS47L8Nnu-jAaQvmwGGxsA7iSs/s1600/maxresdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrw78w0jjfJ89oK5nse01qFIoAGdXMc7Mcsp9qCmxwaL6bjJQQu2SJ10dM97fdQlGcqsRFiiVnVjBgPojnLOY7vvQnRQPHxleeQ-sShBFRcR4jj-SnuS47L8Nnu-jAaQvmwGGxsA7iSs/s400/maxresdefault.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">It has been a locale for
human use and occupation for millennia, with ruins and artifacts from
inhabitants dating back nearly 12,000 years, In the early 1800s, trappers and
expeditions sent by the U.S. government began to explore and map the canyon. It
was first afforded Federal protection in 1893 as a Forest Reserve and later a
National Monument, achieving National Park status in 1919.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDqykkSWj7CGfRhISurUCgejuK9B5cPRiif1CTijrJ1pyx8yQJDL-De34IEZRtS0AJAKYXOoduYOfrWE5EdozD-U6j91HMKlra6dsH7hgGSw-1Vg_ZH0re3dIXMQpAszu0jMrGBzVD0gk/s1600/Grand-Canyon-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDqykkSWj7CGfRhISurUCgejuK9B5cPRiif1CTijrJ1pyx8yQJDL-De34IEZRtS0AJAKYXOoduYOfrWE5EdozD-U6j91HMKlra6dsH7hgGSw-1Vg_ZH0re3dIXMQpAszu0jMrGBzVD0gk/s400/Grand-Canyon-3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Over 270 miles long, up to 18 miles wide and a mile deep,
the Grand Canyon is known throughout the world for its overwhelming size and
its intricate and colorful landscape. Located in northern </span><a href="http://www.history.com/topics/us-states/arizona" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Arizona</a><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">, the
majestic vista is geologically important because the layers of ancient rocks so
beautifully preserved and exposed in the walls of the canyon reveal a timeline
of Earth’s history.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">In the early 1800s, trappers and expeditions sent by the
U.S. government began to explore and map the Southwest, including the canyon.
Although first afforded Federal protection in 1893 as a Forest Reserve and
later as a National Monument, the Grand Canyon did not achieve National Park
status until 1919, three years after the creation of the National Park Service.
Today Grand Canyon National Park encompasses more than 1 million acres of land
and receives close to 5 million visitors each year.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333px;"><i>history.com</i></span></span></div>

Americas The Grand Canyon

Located in northern Arizona, the Grand Canyon is known throughout the world for its size and colorful landscape. Measuring over 270 miles long, up to 18 miles wide and a mile deep, the canyon’s walls contain rock layers that reveal a timeline of Ear…

CN Tower

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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Dubbed "Canada's Wonder of the World", the CN
(Canadian National) Tower has long been a source of pride for Canadians in and
around Toronto and has been a favorite tourist attraction for those visiting
this enticing Canadian city.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhciGYSPAq3F_mfKMLe1ylSL3VUb6Kh16l9U0uYyVtjDmTpQurBYAA-0z7GWh0cdbxABiNwjlZuarASF81sCOwKtJtZ12Zk78Q_0PlKo1sJMBluHn4JBvDUiv9E79PqzRkU3kdRqhfqW3o/s1600/CN-Tower-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhciGYSPAq3F_mfKMLe1ylSL3VUb6Kh16l9U0uYyVtjDmTpQurBYAA-0z7GWh0cdbxABiNwjlZuarASF81sCOwKtJtZ12Zk78Q_0PlKo1sJMBluHn4JBvDUiv9E79PqzRkU3kdRqhfqW3o/s400/CN-Tower-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Tower Specifics</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">At 553 meter (1,815 feet) in height, the CN Tower was
technically the world's tallest building (if you include communications towers
and not just habitable space) from its completion in 1976 until 2009. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Toronto Tourist Board estimates that approximately two
million visitors annually head to the tower, which was built between 1973 and
1976 by Canadian National in hopes of demonstrating "the strength of
Canadian industry by building a tower taller than any other in the world"</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">However, the CN Tower was actually built for more practical
reasons as well. A Canadian construction boom in the 1960s transformed the
downtown area into a region of skyscrapers, causing a major telecommunications
problem throughout the city of Toronto. With its microwave receptors located at
338m (1,109 ft.) and 553m (1,815 ft), the CN Tower quickly solved the
communication problems for the city, which had become a major concern for both
businesses and residents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">At night the tower is illuminated with a programmable LED
lighting. The colors change throughout the year to celebrate or honor specific
occasions. The </span><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">official
site</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;"> has a calendar with the lighting schedule.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Visiting the Tower<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">If you're not afraid of heights, visiting the CN Tower is
one of the greatest experiences you'll enjoy in Toronto. Soar up to 342 m
(1,122 feet) and you'll arrive at the outdoor observation deck where, on a
clear day, you'll be treated to amazing views of the city. There's also an
"elephant-proof" glass floor located indoors where you can look
straight down to the street level. It opened on June 26, 1994, and is the first
such floor in the world. No one's ever fallen through it and never will, but
taking that first step onto the glass floor is, nonetheless, a little scary! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Ascend another fourteen feet and you'll hit the Indoor
Observation Deck (great for cold weather days) as well as the Horizons Café,
where you can grab a light meal with a great view. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Hop on the elevator again and you'll reach 360, the CN
Tower's restaurant, which rotates once every 72 minutes, providing visitors
with a complete and unobstructed view of the city. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivZfJkbUcrOqrSGxAb5ZsAcKIVvnAHKjv7BUuX-pBrkizWf6riZnoNtIStN6kwp0KhKsSSVWhNfnonggUwaCfJ36gb3Uf6J3YkU3TOkRuSPfn-gCnW9jcaZTRaqMdYbn_TQOs-yH8i07w/s1600/CN-Tower-04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivZfJkbUcrOqrSGxAb5ZsAcKIVvnAHKjv7BUuX-pBrkizWf6riZnoNtIStN6kwp0KhKsSSVWhNfnonggUwaCfJ36gb3Uf6J3YkU3TOkRuSPfn-gCnW9jcaZTRaqMdYbn_TQOs-yH8i07w/s400/CN-Tower-04.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">If that's not high enough for you, continue on to the Sky
Pod, which sits at 447 meters (1,465 feet)! Until 2008, this was the world's
highest public observation deck. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">For the real thrill-seekers, there's the Edgewalk, a walk
on top of the main pod, at a height of 356 meters, during which you can even
lean over the edge of the pod.</span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">aviewoncities.com<span class="image-caption"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>

Americas CN Tower

Dubbed "Canada's Wonder of the World", the CN (Canadian National) Tower has long been a source of pride for Canadians in and around Toronto and has been a favorite tourist attraction for those visiting this enticing Canadian city. Tower Specifics At…

Christ the Redeemer - Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Christ
    the Redeemer is a statue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil that was built as a
    symbol of Brazilian Christianity. In 1850, the idea of building a religious
    monument was first suggested by a Catholic Priest. It wasn't until 1920
    when a group petitioned for support to build a landmark statue that it
    became a reality. The design was chosen from several ideas and construction
    began in the 1920s, taking nine years to finish. Today, Christ the Redeemer
    is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJjdziim3w1HHsk1pqhX9bGEogzsn0efT7B4yzrKockTc69dN5UulcFl4ImrV2mO8s7yEOHUh8_pQjdoMi-smjmrJ_hV_GWx4j4Ez1XAL8kLhXcjyMyfCb8miLiaj4M8k30rfkUmxk1c/s1600/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJjdziim3w1HHsk1pqhX9bGEogzsn0efT7B4yzrKockTc69dN5UulcFl4ImrV2mO8s7yEOHUh8_pQjdoMi-smjmrJ_hV_GWx4j4Ez1XAL8kLhXcjyMyfCb8miLiaj4M8k30rfkUmxk1c/s400/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Interesting
  Christ the Redeemer Facts:</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Christ
  the Redeemer is the largest art deco statue in the world. It is 98 feet tall
  (not including the 26 foot pedestal), and the arms stretch to 92 feet wide.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  statue weighs approximately 635 tonnes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Christ
  the Redeemer is located in the Tijuca Forest National Forest, at the top of
  the Corcovado Mountain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5DQqoiJZT9HEhBDdMJcuxEJIqlnmYJ9xyUn_A43ORcjzCiBDmBnGR_oPJX-IC2LW3Xrj5XGwYHTRPyilStgqzjalXnetTwk51X0Pba9O25mdCH22ARqMCqdb8wYoZifFWpYRRbU-qkMQ/s1600/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5DQqoiJZT9HEhBDdMJcuxEJIqlnmYJ9xyUn_A43ORcjzCiBDmBnGR_oPJX-IC2LW3Xrj5XGwYHTRPyilStgqzjalXnetTwk51X0Pba9O25mdCH22ARqMCqdb8wYoZifFWpYRRbU-qkMQ/s400/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  statue is considered an icon of Rio de Janeiro and Brazil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Christ
  the Redeemer is the 5th largest statue of Jesus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  first suggestion to build a large religious monument was made in the 1850s by
  a Catholic priest names Pedro Maria Boss. The request for financing wasn't
  approved because Princess Isabel was not a fan of the idea. The request was
  officially denied in 1889 when Brazil mandated the separation of church and
  state. A petition started by a group in the early 1920s, called the Catholic
  Circle of Rio, was successful. Construction began in 1922 and took nine years
  to complete.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZUocRKgPjqjUJ3DhUt1W_oAVp0y-VZ8_wQ2qOeR7Y3fwiyjzZHIuTpTtIkka1U1GLOuxFhlbKrsFtCV_H8b_m34-h_vjLszUfFfohqkMBTlVJqn7rCm0JhbLHNrAzz5BPZKJHiXl4sls/s1600/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZUocRKgPjqjUJ3DhUt1W_oAVp0y-VZ8_wQ2qOeR7Y3fwiyjzZHIuTpTtIkka1U1GLOuxFhlbKrsFtCV_H8b_m34-h_vjLszUfFfohqkMBTlVJqn7rCm0JhbLHNrAzz5BPZKJHiXl4sls/s400/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-03.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  money to build Christ the Redeemer came from Brazil's Catholic community.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">There
  were several designs to choose from. One was a depiction of the Christian
  cross. Another was a statue of Jesus holding a globe, while standing over a
  pedestal that was to symbolize the world.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  chosen statue is meant to show that Christ loves all and will embrace all
  that come to him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  stones that were used to build Christ the Redeemer came from Sweden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  statue was completed in 1931. It officially opened on October 12, 1931.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The cost
  in 1931 was approximately $250,000 US. Today that would roughly be the
  equivalent of $3.2 million US.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRn3fYRrCZ1D1gwZ6Y6HJlVYXSz6sveF5konRTSGX474uRSaVoZ11IRF6r6XLPty1mU2i1jRU0w6oJxD18n5ge1g1pWtgbtETPjaL81rIBtz9HkRAy9oArBKld3zSiIcgCi6gH-HvBbQM/s1600/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRn3fYRrCZ1D1gwZ6Y6HJlVYXSz6sveF5konRTSGX474uRSaVoZ11IRF6r6XLPty1mU2i1jRU0w6oJxD18n5ge1g1pWtgbtETPjaL81rIBtz9HkRAy9oArBKld3zSiIcgCi6gH-HvBbQM/s400/Christ+the+Redeemer+-+Rio+De+Janeiro%252C+Brazil-04.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  statue had to be constructed in pieces and carried to the mountain top to be
  erected.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  materials used to build Christ the Redeemer were reinforced concrete and
  soapstone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
  right arm points to south Rio de Janeiro and the left arm points to north Rio
  de Janeiro.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In 2008
  a violent electrical storm resulted in a lightning strike to the statue. The
  head, eyebrows and fingers were damaged. The soapstone exterior of the statue
  prevented severe damage as it acted as an insulator. The Rio de Janeiro state
  government began a restoration effort. They replaced some layers of soapstone
  and repaired the lightning rods on the statue.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">All the
  stone used in restoration efforts came from the same quarry as the original
  stone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Christ
  the Redeemer was vandalized in 2010 by a housepainter. He had sprayed the
  head and right arm with graffiti. The culprit was later identified.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In 2003
  there were escalators, elevators and walkways installed. These made it
  possible to access the platform that surrounds Christ the Redeemer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "tahoma"; font-size: 10.0pt;">This
  statue became one of the New Seven Wonders of the World on July 7th, 2007.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i>softschools.com</i></div>
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Americas Christ the Redeemer - Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

Christ the Redeemer is a statue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil that was built as a symbol of Brazilian Christianity. In 1850, the idea of building a religious monument was first suggested by a Catholic Priest. It wasn't until 19…

Machu picchu

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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;"><b>Tucked away in the rocky countryside northwest of Cuzco, Peru, Machu Picchu is believed to have been a royal estate or sacred religious site for Inca leaders, whose civilization was virtually wiped out by Spanish invaders in the 16th century. For hundreds of years, until the American archaeologist Hiram Bingham stumbled upon it in 1911, the abandoned citadel’s existence was a secret known only to peasants living in the region. The site stretches over an impressive 5-mile distance, featuring more than 3,000 stone steps that link its many different levels. Today, hundreds of thousands of people tramp through Machu Picchu every year, braving crowds and landslides to see the sun set over its towering stone monuments and marvel at the mysterious splendor of one of the world’s most famous manmade wonders.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF0-ZhFEbe932w1RMYa83jXZHk_3TVKPSZfOGuVkV1JR4iUOPYhhvKIpvJjVkmH7V86GkTxjzeYqvI8yjGRarxL-U22H4JKzqZMuVFKYBmxbzy36EVUDiSyZX20DYy7X1z2zxvrX98KgxO/s1600/Machu-Picchu-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF0-ZhFEbe932w1RMYa83jXZHk_3TVKPSZfOGuVkV1JR4iUOPYhhvKIpvJjVkmH7V86GkTxjzeYqvI8yjGRarxL-U22H4JKzqZMuVFKYBmxbzy36EVUDiSyZX20DYy7X1z2zxvrX98KgxO/s400/Machu-Picchu-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">MACHU PICCHU’S INCA PAST</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Historians believe Machu Picchu was built at the height of the Inca Empire, which dominated western South America in the 15th and 16th centuries. It was abandoned an estimated 100 years after its construction, probably around the time the Spanish began their conquest of the mighty pre-Columbian civilization in the 1530s. There is no evidence that the conquistadors ever attacked or even reached the mountaintop citadel, however; for this reason, some have suggested that the residents’ desertion occurred because of a smallpox epidemic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Did You Know?</span></b></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">“Machu Picchu is made up of more than 150 buildings ranging from baths and houses to temples and sanctuaries”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Many modern-day archaeologists now believe that Machu Picchu served as a royal estate for Inca emperors and nobles. Others have theorized that it was a religious site, pointing to its proximity to mountains and other geographical features that the Incas held sacred. Dozens of alternate hypotheses have cropped up in the years since Machu Picchu was first unveiled to the world, with scholars variously interpreting it as a prison, a trade hub, a station for testing new crops, a women’s retreat or a city devoted to the coronation of kings, among many examples.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">MACHU PICCHU’S “DISCOVERY” BY HIRAM BINGHAM<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">In the summer of 1911 the American archaeologist Hiram Bingham arrived in Peru with a small team of explorers hoping to find Vilcabamba, the last Inca stronghold to fall to the Spanish. Traveling on foot and by mule, Bingham and his team made their way from Cuzco into the Urubamba Valley, where a local farmer told them of some ruins located at the top of a nearby mountain. The farmer called the mountain Machu Picchu, which translates to “old peak” in the native Quechua language. On July 24, after a tough climb to the mountain’s ridge in cold and drizzly weather, Bingham met a small group of peasants who showed him the rest of the way. Led by an 11-year-old boy, Bingham got his first glimpse of the intricate network of stone terraces marking the entrance to Machu Picchu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">The excited Bingham spread the word about his discovery in a best-selling book, “The Lost City of the Incas,” sending hordes of eager tourists flocking to Peru to follow in his footsteps up the formerly obscure Inca Trail. He also excavated artifacts from Machu Picchu and took them to Yale University for further inspection, igniting a custody dispute that lasted nearly 100 years. It was not until the Peruvian government filed a lawsuit and lobbied President </span><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Barack Obama</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;"> for the return of the items that Yale agreed to complete their repatriation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Although he is credited with making Machu Picchu known to the world—indeed, the highway tour buses use to reach it bears his name—it is not certain that Bingham was the first outsider to visit it. There is evidence that missionaries and other explorers reached the site during the 19th and early 20th centuries but were simply less vocal about what they uncovered there.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">THE SITE OF MACHU PICCHU<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">In the midst of a tropical mountain forest on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes, Machu Picchu’s walls, terraces, stairways and ramps blend seamlessly into its natural setting. The site’s finely crafted stonework, terraced fields and sophisticated irrigation system bear witness to the Inca civilization’s architectural, agricultural and engineering prowess. Its central buildings are prime examples of a masonry technique mastered by the Incas in which stones were cut to fit together without mortar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Archaeologists have identified several distinct sectors that together comprise the city, including a farming zone, a residential neighborhood, a royal district and a sacred area. Machu Picchu’s most distinct and famous structures include the Temple of the Sun and the Intihuatana stone, a sculpted granite rock that is believed to have functioned as a solar clock or calendar.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">MACHU PICCHU TODAY<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983 and designated one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007, Machu Picchu is Peru’s most visited attraction and South America’s most famous ruins, welcoming hundreds of thousands of people a year. Increased tourism, the development of nearby towns and environmental degradation continue to take their toll on the site, which is also home to several endangered species. As a result, the Peruvian government has taken steps to protect the ruins and prevent erosion of the mountainside in recent years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333px;"><i>history.com</i></span></span></div>

Africa Machu picchu

Tucked away in the rocky countryside northwest of Cuzco, Peru, Machu Picchu is believed to have been a royal estate or sacred religious site for Inca leaders, whose civilization was virtually wiped out by Spanish invaders in the 16th century. For hu…

Edinburgh Castle

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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;"><b>Edinburgh
Castle has played a pivotal role in Scottish history, both as a royal residence
– King Malcolm Canmore (r 1058–93) and Queen Margaret first made their home
here in the 11th century – and as a military stronghold. The castle last saw
military action in 1745; from then until the 1920s it served as the British
army's main base in Scotland. Today it is one of Scotland's most atmospheric
and most popular tourist attractions.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4EFInPpfZfzL3sJ7YqqKcrbzqkn-YOdEG3Q7jZ-vMpeShHZ1AzoMVdAtQzHN8rbyYilLxnG5uaUFlvPajbHnvNlNlrSOULsKEw_ztHpqNjZf5Xdjmg7gzgywd8MnnToDMr5U1vH3wqwE/s1600/Edinburgh-Castle-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4EFInPpfZfzL3sJ7YqqKcrbzqkn-YOdEG3Q7jZ-vMpeShHZ1AzoMVdAtQzHN8rbyYilLxnG5uaUFlvPajbHnvNlNlrSOULsKEw_ztHpqNjZf5Xdjmg7gzgywd8MnnToDMr5U1vH3wqwE/s400/Edinburgh-Castle-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">The
brooding, black crags of Castle Rock, rising above the western end of Princes
St, are the very reason for Edinburgh's existence. This rocky hill was the most
easily defended hilltop on the invasion route between England and central
Scotland, a route followed by countless armies from the Roman legions of the
1st and 2nd centuries AD to the Jacobite troops of Bonnie Prince Charlie in
1745.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">The
Entrance Gateway , flanked by statues of Robert the Bruce and William Wallace,
opens to a cobbled lane that leads up beneath the 16th-century Portcullis Gate
to the cannons ranged along the Argyle and Mills Mount batteries. The
battlements here have great views over New Town to the Firth of Forth.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9CHv1y42a_F_D8hzd1y9fkhJgFkQTyUTFLIXzOZPVuh_kpzXMdR-IjLdKMBMq7PrgdW0ETEK2QMsTyriuY-b23f1bo4SahMOUduyhzkNFeICfvBhyYYOeHvwAA__l-eThQsppoBTHCXs/s1600/Edinburgh-Castle-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9CHv1y42a_F_D8hzd1y9fkhJgFkQTyUTFLIXzOZPVuh_kpzXMdR-IjLdKMBMq7PrgdW0ETEK2QMsTyriuY-b23f1bo4SahMOUduyhzkNFeICfvBhyYYOeHvwAA__l-eThQsppoBTHCXs/s400/Edinburgh-Castle-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">At
the far end of Mills Mount Battery is the famous One O'Clock Gun , where crowds
gather to watch a gleaming WWII 25-pounder fire an ear-splitting time signal at
exactly 1pm (every day except Sunday, Christmas Day and Good Friday).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">South
of Mills Mount, the road curls up leftwards through Foog's Gate to the highest
part of Castle Rock, crowned by the tiny, Romanesque St Margaret's Chapel , the
oldest surviving building in Edinburgh. It was probably built by David I or
Alexander I in memory of their mother, Queen Margaret, sometime around 1130
(she was canonised in 1250). Beside the chapel stands Mons Meg , a giant
15th-century siege gun built at Mons (in what is now Belgium) in 1449.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxn0RkePWnnF9_cp7CVmwJTcvw04vW6lbCckUMb4zJau4Mjiz-ThMWfmg0XYCw-hPSIlsdziUK08HAtY5LIrOZyab3QaOEquIkpua4GHH4ZVnRlHizO-EW4pkvmfqSaAFGKbeKuDzSWTc/s1600/Edinburgh-Castle-04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxn0RkePWnnF9_cp7CVmwJTcvw04vW6lbCckUMb4zJau4Mjiz-ThMWfmg0XYCw-hPSIlsdziUK08HAtY5LIrOZyab3QaOEquIkpua4GHH4ZVnRlHizO-EW4pkvmfqSaAFGKbeKuDzSWTc/s400/Edinburgh-Castle-04.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">The
main group of buildings on the summit of Castle Rock is ranged around Crown Sq,
dominated by the shrine of the Scottish National War Memorial . Opposite is the
Great Hall, built for James IV (r 1488–1513) as a ceremonial hall and used as a
meeting place for the Scottish parliament until 1639. Its most remarkable
feature is the original, 16th-century hammer-beam roof.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrpoNS7lxZzoRMf5BPJiVndWNT-org9o2Mvhn2Uqgx-vsV7DVXCg-f3LrAIkHd3Mvt-4AdAyKHQxwmYJ472FQwB1nHtJVVHuYYnuq3sjYAMzCIvBSSwTvkMhss9_rkF5IV6rQRc_zzVso/s1600/Edinburgh-Castle-05.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrpoNS7lxZzoRMf5BPJiVndWNT-org9o2Mvhn2Uqgx-vsV7DVXCg-f3LrAIkHd3Mvt-4AdAyKHQxwmYJ472FQwB1nHtJVVHuYYnuq3sjYAMzCIvBSSwTvkMhss9_rkF5IV6rQRc_zzVso/s400/Edinburgh-Castle-05.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">The
Castle Vaults beneath the Great Hall (entered from Crown Sq via the Prisons of
War exhibit) were used variously as storerooms, bakeries and a prison. The
vaults have been renovated to resemble 18th- and early 19th-century prisons,
where graffiti carved by French and American prisoners can be seen on the
ancient wooden doors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">On
the eastern side of the square is the Royal Palace , built during the 15th and
16th centuries, where a series of historical tableaux leads to the highlight of
the castle – a strongroom housing the Honours of Scotland (the Scottish crown
jewels), the oldest surviving crown jewels in Europe. Locked away in a chest
following the Act of Union in 1707, the crown (made in 1540 from the gold of
Robert the Bruce's 14th-century coronet), sword and sceptre lay forgotten until
they were unearthed at the instigation of the novelist Sir Walter Scott in
1818. Also on display here is the Stone of Destiny .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.5pt;">Among
the neighbouring Royal Apartments is the bedchamber where Mary, Queen of Scots
gave birth to her son James VI, who was to unite the crowns of Scotland and
England in 1603.</span></div>
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Europe Edinburgh Castle

Edinburgh Castle has played a pivotal role in Scottish history, both as a royal residence – King Malcolm Canmore (r 1058–93) and Queen Margaret first made their home here in the 11th century – and as a military stronghold. The castle last saw milita…

Florence Cathedral

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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Duomo di Firenze,
the cathedral of Florence, was built between 1296 and 1436. The cathedral is
one of the largest in the world. Its imposing dome, attributed to the
Florentine architect Filippo Brunelleschi, still dominates the city.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKDbcUzxzGm6Rv411O1Sg5GvSBKTdD46h0lsk30Z9yG55Vb8B7DHNXQlVDJqzad3o4_RNV9LwkUPT-8KC4qRJ-oS3tZtsi5D4izyRa-4JYRXziXV4ieeW9KFQaCz6imICYfBOkBnZ-YrE/s1600/Florence-Cathedral-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKDbcUzxzGm6Rv411O1Sg5GvSBKTdD46h0lsk30Z9yG55Vb8B7DHNXQlVDJqzad3o4_RNV9LwkUPT-8KC4qRJ-oS3tZtsi5D4izyRa-4JYRXziXV4ieeW9KFQaCz6imICYfBOkBnZ-YrE/s400/Florence-Cathedral-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
 <b style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Cathedral</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Cathedral of Florence, officially known as Cattedrale
Santa Maria del Fiore but better known as the Duomo, was originally planned in
1296 as a Gothic cathedral by Arnolfo di Cambio. It replaced the church of
Santa Reparata, a cathedral church with a history going back to the early
Middle Ages.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The new cathedral symbolized Florence's growing importance
and was to be significantly larger than its predecessor. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijrE5iuef8Sbr7PMkD0RDCU5mmM4CCgJ4MllLl9X93UHPIVLvBxAPeSrKX7uIF81qI7AN84MeiDXWorrR0_eNTi_0c5JZ9EvuK7kkJAIfir_H0As0QB_-qpjpv9NrbKI-nT_cLEoDnFL0/s1600/Florence-Cathedral-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijrE5iuef8Sbr7PMkD0RDCU5mmM4CCgJ4MllLl9X93UHPIVLvBxAPeSrKX7uIF81qI7AN84MeiDXWorrR0_eNTi_0c5JZ9EvuK7kkJAIfir_H0As0QB_-qpjpv9NrbKI-nT_cLEoDnFL0/s400/Florence-Cathedral-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Francesco Talenti, who lead the construction of the
cathedral from 1351 on increased its size even more by expanding the apses and
extending the nave. Filippo Brunelleschi - the most important architect of the
early Renaissance - designed the Duomo's most striking feature, the enormous
dome.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Construction of the church would last until 1436 when it
was consecrated by pope Eugene IV. The originally planned Gothic front facade
however was unrealized. The magnificent marble cladding that we see today was
only added much later, between 1871 and 1887, in a neo-Gothic style with
colorful patterns. As a result the facade nicely complements the design of the
cathedral's fourteenth-century bell tower. Some statues that were created for
the originally planned facade are now on display at the Museo dell'Opera dell
Duomo, a nearby museum dedicated to works of art from the cathedral.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhufnqLeUQYVRmjPQ0dNQRPECV1AktUagBpMQ59kGf-D0355dtkzDe4WNpX1AQ4WOlEGymXPQjlS63AeE-YHJKTKnAEMvOMsykB5w-dMsK9t9x7QwJikNTdelp2YRtymE1tCP8ai7tl-HY/s1600/Florence-Cathedral-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhufnqLeUQYVRmjPQ0dNQRPECV1AktUagBpMQ59kGf-D0355dtkzDe4WNpX1AQ4WOlEGymXPQjlS63AeE-YHJKTKnAEMvOMsykB5w-dMsK9t9x7QwJikNTdelp2YRtymE1tCP8ai7tl-HY/s400/Florence-Cathedral-03.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">The cathedral's interior is less colorful and decorations
were kept to a minimum. The exception is the fresco on the dome's interior,
painted between 1572 and 1579 by Giorgio Vasari and Frederico Zuccari. The
fresco depicts the Last Judgment.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Dome<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The dome of the Duomo was the world's largest when it was
completed in 1436 and still towers over the city. The lantern on top of the
dome was added later, in 1461, by Michelozzi Michelozzo. The dome, a marvel of
engineering, was designed by Brunelleschi, who submitted his plans after he
went to Rome to
study the Pantheon,
which long had the world's largest dome. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Brunelleschi managed to create the enormous dome without
supports thanks to an ingenious design which consisted of an inner shell made
of bricks with a herringbone pattern and a horizontal stone chain, which
reduced stress and allowed the weight to be evenly distributed. The outer, much
smaller shell supports the roof and protects the inner shell from the elements.
Between the two shells is a staircase, which leads visitors to the base of the
lantern.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyIwrUfFOi5QZ_YCWSglqZBD1Viwa4K0SOIvYmzuQt9tIQ35Ppggbm9Y4T0WmlQdbN_gduWUQ7smE-eS3Hu1f2EZ3Tzaxvzshy4zFX8QCxvFn1AsEabASlgu9XMZqXmClkSCseeiRKhg/s1600/Florence-Cathedral-04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyIwrUfFOi5QZ_YCWSglqZBD1Viwa4K0SOIvYmzuQt9tIQ35Ppggbm9Y4T0WmlQdbN_gduWUQ7smE-eS3Hu1f2EZ3Tzaxvzshy4zFX8QCxvFn1AsEabASlgu9XMZqXmClkSCseeiRKhg/s400/Florence-Cathedral-04.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Campanile</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The bell tower of the cathedral was originally designed in
1334 by Giotto di Bondone, at the time the official master builder of the city.
After Giotto died in 1337 the bell tower was completed first by Andrea Pisano
and later by Francesco Talenti. The eighty-five meter high tower was completed
in 1359. The colorful facade is clad with green, pink and white Tuscan marble.
The relief decorations were created in terra cotta by Andrea Pisano.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The tower is accessible to visitors and offers a
magnificent view of the city and the cathedral's dome in particular.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Baptistery<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Baptistery is one of Florence's oldest buildings and
predates the cathedral. It was constructed on top of Roman foundations,
possibly as early as in the sixth century. The interior dates back to the
thirteenth century when the mosaics on the ceiling - depicting stories from the
bible - were created. The exterior white and green marble cladding was added
around the same time. The facade cladding was so popular that it became a model for
many other baptistery and church facades in Tuscany.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><br />
After the interior and cladding were finished, the guild of the wool merchants
- who funded the renovation - decided to replace the wooden doors with new bronze
ones.<br />
The south doors were created in 1336 in a Gothic design by Andrea Pisano and
depicts ecclesiastical scenes. A succession of disasters, including an outbreak
of the plague, postponed the creation of the other doors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhufnqLeUQYVRmjPQ0dNQRPECV1AktUagBpMQ59kGf-D0355dtkzDe4WNpX1AQ4WOlEGymXPQjlS63AeE-YHJKTKnAEMvOMsykB5w-dMsK9t9x7QwJikNTdelp2YRtymE1tCP8ai7tl-HY/s1600/Florence-Cathedral-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhufnqLeUQYVRmjPQ0dNQRPECV1AktUagBpMQ59kGf-D0355dtkzDe4WNpX1AQ4WOlEGymXPQjlS63AeE-YHJKTKnAEMvOMsykB5w-dMsK9t9x7QwJikNTdelp2YRtymE1tCP8ai7tl-HY/s400/Florence-Cathedral-03.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Finally, in 1401, the wool guild organized a competition to select a design for
additional new doors. Seven artists submitted panels, and in 1403 a design by
Ghiberti was selected. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The panel submitted by Ghiberti's main rival Brunelleschi
however - on display in the Bargello- is now
considered the first Renaissance artwork as it departed from the prevailing
byzantine art style by using perspective and showing realistic depictions of
humans and their environment.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ghiberti completed the panels for the north doors in 1424
after which he started working on the east doors, which were finally completed
in 1452. These last doors, depicting scenes from the bible, are considered
Ghiberti's best work and have been described by Michelangelo as the Gates of
Paradise. The panels have long been replaced by replicas, the originals are now
on display at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Museo dell'Opera del
Duomo<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">This museum, located nearby at Piazza del Duomo 9, is
dedicated to the history and construction of the Cathedral of Florence. The museum
has a valuable collection of artwork from the cathedral, such as sculptures,
reliquary, religious paintings and the original panels of the doors of the
baptistery. Tools used for the construction of the cathedral are also on
display.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><i>aviewoncities.com</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>

Europe Florence Cathedral

The Duomo di Firenze, the cathedral of Florence, was built between 1296 and 1436. The cathedral is one of the largest in the world. Its imposing dome, attributed to the Florentine architect Filippo Brunelleschi, still dominates the city. Cathedral …

Pompeii

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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b>Pompeii is one of the most significant proofs of Roman
civilization and, like an open book, provides outstanding information on the
art, customs, trades and everyday life of the past.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNOlprIvtOyClWAklRYodlC73rcnTfpTDNBd5vapz_vD0WCEdKYLyNsqdYS2pHNE687x6pGsZMVxvd4kHnmos-Am_nii5Z0VSwKSdil_LT-xRIr_4Y1YIxTMLJ6v0Abuiq84HjP8XMR5c/s1600/Pompeii-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNOlprIvtOyClWAklRYodlC73rcnTfpTDNBd5vapz_vD0WCEdKYLyNsqdYS2pHNE687x6pGsZMVxvd4kHnmos-Am_nii5Z0VSwKSdil_LT-xRIr_4Y1YIxTMLJ6v0Abuiq84HjP8XMR5c/s400/Pompeii-01.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
 <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">The city has re-emerged from the darkness of centuries
precisely as it would have been when it was unexpectedly buried in the thick
layer of ash and lava which poured down from the devastating eruption of
Vesuvius. It was the year 79 A.D. The scale of the tragedy was appalling: in
what had been one of the most active and splendid Roman centres, life came to a
permanent standstill.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS2nOxyASRUs9BlaJV70EOCg0_lNf039LXZ2ImxKcsYbuDpnarad90Yn3__B3qy52eEoXZc5rmXzqRmdFK6CHlmnjiwK8WvMtLx5gmUln9_fSgoVS-UfAIGx5lRaOL0Crut6NOQAQ8OfY/s1600/Pompeii-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS2nOxyASRUs9BlaJV70EOCg0_lNf039LXZ2ImxKcsYbuDpnarad90Yn3__B3qy52eEoXZc5rmXzqRmdFK6CHlmnjiwK8WvMtLx5gmUln9_fSgoVS-UfAIGx5lRaOL0Crut6NOQAQ8OfY/s400/Pompeii-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">The thick layer of volcanic material which submerged it,
made up to a large extent of ash and lapilli - non-hard material, unlike that
which covered Herculaneum and which solidified into extremely hard stone -has
meant that the city has remained intact until the present day, not only as far
as its buildings are concerned, but also as regards the contents inside the
houses and shops, providing an absolutely fascinating picture of
"daily" life.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbcHsalBjObvSz8hA7uEj8-KzmxxynaUSLjUQLoVwFpaVFxgucjYlSgEWlzhmuGnRb2E5l5Z-EMPwkTSB3DWij_ivn-MjHgb5xJDL6XiQoGBcG1D-EmJ142GqMTgWNoySZY-928C8eaKQ/s1600/Pompeii-04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbcHsalBjObvSz8hA7uEj8-KzmxxynaUSLjUQLoVwFpaVFxgucjYlSgEWlzhmuGnRb2E5l5Z-EMPwkTSB3DWij_ivn-MjHgb5xJDL6XiQoGBcG1D-EmJ142GqMTgWNoySZY-928C8eaKQ/s400/Pompeii-04.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The walls of the houses are covered with electoral
propaganda messages or risque jokes aimed at particular citizens. The signs on
the shop doorways indicate the activity carried out there or the name of the
owner. Alongside the elegant villas belonging to the nobility and the luxurious
residences of the middle class, stand modest houses where several families
lived.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQiH1NCkxzRqw-IFGTdyFBKdakv1jpCARzdwzFSF7dbegVwevTbKBxM6X7_qPgDINp8SffbJyCBPG-cRxDka5lN4dBemDedsyj_-NxVD6hW29rCPkVrTnaOexgFVCmac-GhaSDl9qIXwA/s1600/Pompeii-05.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQiH1NCkxzRqw-IFGTdyFBKdakv1jpCARzdwzFSF7dbegVwevTbKBxM6X7_qPgDINp8SffbJyCBPG-cRxDka5lN4dBemDedsyj_-NxVD6hW29rCPkVrTnaOexgFVCmac-GhaSDl9qIXwA/s400/Pompeii-05.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">The peasant dwellings on the other hand are situated around
vegetable gardens or small plots of land. On the edge of the city stood the
brothels, squalid rooms intended as places of pleasure for sailors and
travellers passing through, in the narrow lanes, the workshops and utility
rooms provide further evidence of the daily routine performed by workmen and
slaves as well as the women of the house. The houses still contain furniture,
ornaments, gold and silverware, work tools, kitchenware, bronze and terracotta
lamps, foodstuffs of all kinds, counters for serving drinks, grain mills and
grindstones, workshops for manufacturing cloth, smithies and outlets selling
groceries, fruit and vegetables.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsZ1mu4K3tL8mFB1Mj0HyVuaJhODZjdZLfC_3jBSiQR3h6v2B9uBccgQ_d-ZZATTPzueEmUwSjZl_OeWxDrrqSJHwplYh3irGeBvd2ZpxSZ2ZuADg0ZGY3rmIbkyJt60eA6Rz3BvkwlqI/s1600/pompeii-06.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsZ1mu4K3tL8mFB1Mj0HyVuaJhODZjdZLfC_3jBSiQR3h6v2B9uBccgQ_d-ZZATTPzueEmUwSjZl_OeWxDrrqSJHwplYh3irGeBvd2ZpxSZ2ZuADg0ZGY3rmIbkyJt60eA6Rz3BvkwlqI/s400/pompeii-06.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">There is a remarkable record of Roman painting, of which,
without the finds made in Pompeii, virtually nothing would be known.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">The architecture and development of the various types of
houses is also amply documented. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;">Thus the excavated city provides outstanding historical
evidence of Roman civilization: these reminders of the past, which are so vivid
and tangible in the remains brought to light, contribute to the fascination of
the present.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333px;"><i>pompeionline.net</i></span></span></div>

Europe Pompeii

Pompeii is one of the most significant proofs of Roman civilization and, like an open book, provides outstanding information on the art, customs, trades and everyday life of the past. The city has re-emerged from the darkness of centuries precisely…

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